Big Bang Theory

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Big Bang Theory

Informative Essay
4-22-00
Freshman English 1
Big bang theory
It is always a mystery about how the universe began, whether if and when it will end. Astronomers construct hypotheses called cosmological models that try to find the answer. There are two such models: the Big Bang theory and the Steady State model. Because of many observational evidences, the Big Bang theory best explains the creation of the universe.
The Big Bang model postulates that about 15 to 20 billion years ago, the universe violently exploded into being, in an event called the Big Bang. Before the Big Bang, all of the matter and radiation of our present universe was packed together in an extremely hot, dense state. During the Big Bang, the matter and radiation of that early stage rapidly expanded and cooled. Several million years later, it condensed into galaxies. The universe has continued to expand, and the galaxies have continued moving away from each other ever since. Today, it has been observed that the universe is still expanding.
The Steady State model says that the universe does not evolve or change with time. There was no beginning in the past, nor should there be any changes in the future. This model assumes the perfect cosmological principle; that the universe is the same everywhere on the large scale, at all times. It maintains the same average density of matter and energy forever.
There is much observational evidence that proves the Big Bang model is more reasonable than the Steady State model. For example, the observed red shifts of distant galaxies. Red shift is a Doppler effect that occurs when an object, such as a galaxy, is moving away from the observer. The spectral line of the galaxy will have a shift to the red end of the light spectrum. The faster the galaxy moves, the farther the shift. If the galaxy is moving closer, the spectral line will be shifted toward the blue end. If the galaxy is not moving, there is no shift at all. However, as astronomers have observed, the more distant a galaxy is from Earth, the more red shifted it is on the spectrum. This means the further a galaxy is, the faster it is moving. This all implies that the universe is expanding, and the Big Bang model is more reasonable than the Steady State model.
Another supporting piece of evidence is the radiation produced by the Big Bang. The Big Bang model predicts that the universe should still be filled with a small remnant of radiation left over from the original violent expl...

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