Definitions
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Definitions
Hagia Sophia: Church erected in Constantinople during the reign of Justinian, which later became a mosque and a museum; ranks as one of the worlds most important examples of Christian architecture
Grand Canal: One of the worlds largest waterworks project before modern times built during the Sui dynasty under second emperor, Sui Yangdi, in order to facilitate trade between northern and southern China, mainly in an attempt to make supplies of rice and other food crops from the Yangzi River valley available to those in the northern regions; series of artificial waterways that spanned almost 2,000 kilometers from Hangzhou in the south to Changon in the west to the city of Zhuo (near modern Beijing) in the north; integrated economies of northern and southern China, establishing an economic foundation for cultural and political unity
Giovanni and Lusanna: Depicts the court trial of Lusanna Girolamo (belonging to the artisan class) and Giovanni della Casa (patron class) taking place in Renaissance Florence; Lusanna states that she and Giovanni are married, however Giovanni disperses this claim; focuses on the social hierarchy and the interaction of different social classes
Gupta Empire: (320-480) India
Founded by Chandragupta (unrelated to Mauryan Emperor) and centered in Ganges Valley. Flourished under his son, Samudragupta (ca.335-375), who by means of military conquest and political shrewdness brought much of India from the Himalayas in the north to the Vindhya Mountain in the
south under his goverment. Samudragupta put an end to weakness and fragmentation, and laid the foundations for Indias Golden Age. Under Samudraguptas son Chandragupta II (ca.375-415), the Gupta Empire reached its height. Chandrragupta II overthrew Shakas (invaders from the borders of China) and as a result, trade between India, Mid-East and China came under the Gupta Empires protection. Crisis hit the Gupta Empire with the invasion of the White Huns. Skandagupta (ca.455-467) managed
to throw back the invasion - the Huns failed to uproot Gupta Empire, but essentially dealt the dynasty a fatal blow. [During this period, India was mostly united, without political fragmentation or foreign domination and confusion; Hinduism was promoted, which led to the decline of Buddhism (and virtual disappearance by the time Islam arrived in India - which led to the conflict between Muslim and Hindu); Indian mathematics and the concept of zero. Following the fall of the Gupta Empire, ...
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