Evolution - Explanatory Theories Ii

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Evolution - Explanatory Theories Ii

Evolution : Explanatory Theories
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
DARWINIAN THEORY OF EVOLUTION
THE THEORY OF BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION:
CONTRIBUTING ELEMENTS
WALLACE'S CONTRIBUTIONS
HARDY-WEINBERG PRINCIPLE
COMPARISON: LAMARCK vs. DARWIN
DARWIN'S INFLUENCES
METHODS OF SCIENTIFIC DEDUCTION
LIMITS TO DARWIN'S THEORY
MORPHOLOGICAL & BIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS
BIO-EVOLUTION: POPULATION vs. INDIVIDUALS
MECHANISMS FOR GENETIC VARIATION
GENETIC VARIATION AND SPECIATION
DARWIN'S FINCHES
SPECIATION vs. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
CONCEPT OF ADAPTATION
PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM
VALUE/LIMITATIONS: THE THEORY OF BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
ALTERNATE EXPLANATIONS OF BEING
CONCLUSIONS
INTRODUCTION
Theories explaining biological evolution have been bandied about since the ancient Greeks, but it was not until the Enlightment of the 18th century that widespread acceptance and development of this theory emerged. In the mid 19th century english naturalist Charles Darwin - who has been called the father of evolution - conceived of the most comprehensive findings about organic evolution ever. Today many of his principles still entail modern interpretation of evolution.
I've assessed and interpreted the basis of Darwin's theories on evolution, incorporating a number of other factors concerning evolutionary theory in the process. Criticism of Darwin's conclusions abounds somewhat more than has been paid tribute to, however Darwin's findings marked a revolution of thought and social upheaval unprecedented in Western consciousness challenging not only the scientific community, but the prominent religious institution as well. Another revolution in science of a lesser nature was also spawned by Darwin, namely the remarkable simplicity with which his major work The Origin of the Species was written - straightforward English, anyone capable of a logical argument could follow it - also unprecedented in the scientific community (compare this to Isaac Newton's horribly complex work taking the scientific community years to interpret).
Evolutionary and revolutionary in more than one sense of each word. Every theory mentioned in the following reading, in fact falls back to Darwinism.
DARWINIAN THEORY OF BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
Modern conception of species and the idea of organic
evolution had been part of Western consciousness since the mid-17th century (a la John Ray), but wide-range acceptance of this idea, beyond the bounds of the scientific community, did not arise until Darwin pub...

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