Flight

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Flight

Research: Airplanes are an efficient way of traveling to far places. Airplanes are amazing if you know what and how the air keeps the plane airborne. There are three components of flight: aerodynamics, the Bernoulli principal and supersonic flight. Some other things about flight are the four forces, lift, drag, weight, and thrust. One of the basic things you need to know about airplanes is that the places where the plane can balance on one point called the center of gravity. The tail on the plane is needed to balance the pitching movement. First of all, aerodynamics plays a major role on many things, especially in airplanes. Aerodynamics is the reaction of the air on the specially shaped wing that lifts an airplane off the ground. Also, aerodynamics is the study of gases in motion. The term aerodynamics comes from the Greeks meaning air power. Isaac Newton bases aerodynamics on the physics theorem. People who experiment with aerodynamics are called aerodynamicist. Their basic tool is the wind tunnel. A professor of engineering, Osborne Reynolds, conducted many experiments with paper airplanes and regular airplanes and found out Viscosity (thickness) affects the way fluids behave. All fluids have some viscosity. As a fluid flows over a surface, the fluid molecules closest to the surface cling microscopic roughness of the surface. As you move away from the surface, there is a small transition distance where the fluid’s viscosity limits the change in speed of the adjacent molecules, until at a certain distances the fluid is at full speed. (Paper airplane aerodynamics www.geocities.com/capecanaveral/1817/paene/html) Osborne invented a number that was devised which gives the importance of viscosity in fluid flow. It’s called the Reynold’s number. Reynold’s number =9340 for air so you’d take 9340x velocity relative to surface (mph) x length over surface fluid has traveled feet. This determines how influential the viscosity is. Secondly, Swiss mathematician and physicist, Daniel Bernoulli, created Bernoulli’s principle in 1738. It stated the concept that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure within the fluid decreases. An increase in the fluid’s speed must be matched by a decrease in pressure. The mathematical theorem for the Bernoulli affect is p + ? p V2. One source said, “the principle also applies to the spinning of a baseball” (Simons, 1989, pg. 23) The rotation causes an additional velocity component to be sent...

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