Power`s Separation

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Power`s Separation


It has proved true, historically, that there is a natural tendency of
governments to assume as much power as possible. To prevent this from happening
in the United States, the framers of the Constitution divided the functions of
the federal government among three branches: the executive branch, legislature
or the lawmaking branch and the judiciary. These should be separate and enjoy
equal power and independence. This separation of powers is in direct contrast to
the government in Britain. Their Parliament is the single governing unit.
Members of the executive--the Cabinet and the Prime Minister--are members of
Parliament. The highest court of appeal is the House of Lords. The separation of
powers was also in contrast to the government under the Articles of
Confederation. The Articles provided for no separate executive branch. The
president was the presiding officer of the Congress. There was no national court
system at all. The framers of the Constitution decided on a government in which
the three main functions would be held by three separate branches. The Congress
was empowered to make laws. The president was empowered, through the departments
and agencies of the executive branch, to enforce the laws. The president is thus
the head of the bureaucracy--the non-elected officials of government. The
Supreme Court was established as the highest judicial authority. John Adams
referred to this three-part arrangement as a system of checks and balances that
protect the people from authoritarian or arbitrary rule. In addition to
distributing power among the three branches of the federal government, the
Constitution also distributes it among the states and the people. The Tenth
Amendment specifically reserves all "powers not delegated to the United
States" to the "States respectively, or to the people." Within
each state there are many other governmental units. Each local government, from
the smallest village to the largest city, has its necessary powers. There are
taxing bodies, such as school districts, that have the authority they need in
order to operate. Before continuing to mention how the separation of powers is
applied in the United States presidential system, let me briefly explain the
structure of the presidential system. The Presidential System United States
Government The federal government of the United States was created by the
Constitution, which went into operation in 1789 when the first Congress convened
and George Washington t...

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