Discuss Social/Psychological Explanations Given For Schizophrenia

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Discuss Social/Psychological Explanations Given For Schizophrenia

Page 255 Question 4 (a) and (b)
DESCRIBE ANY ONE MENTAL DISORDER.
DISCUSS SOCIAL/PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS GIVEN FOR
THIS DISORDER.
SCHIZOPHRENIA
Schizophrenia is a serious psychotic disorder that is characterised by a loss of contact with reality. Kraepelin in 1902 originally called schizophrenia Dementia Praecox which is a senility of youth. He believed that the typical symptoms were due to a form of mental deterioration which began in adolescence. Symptoms are mainly disturbances of thought processes but also extend to disturbances of behaviour and emotion.
There are two traditional symptom categories of schizophrenia. Acute schizophrenia is classified as type one, as a functional disorder which has positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Chronic schizophrenia is classified as type two, as an organic disorder which has negative symptoms such as apathy and withdrawal. These two main symptom categories have been abandoned by DSM-IV, which is the latest version of the American manual for all mental disorders, symptoms and possible treatments.
Schizophrenia is now classified into three main subtypes, paranoid in which the person is less disturbed, disorganised or hebephrenic which is what most people associate schizophrenia as, and catatonic which is the most serious of the three.
In paranoid schizophrenia the person may have delusions of grandeur which is when they believe they are someone famous or grand for example The Messiah or Elvis, or when they believe they posses magical powers. Delusions of persecution is another symptom. This is when they believe that others are plotting against them, they are being spied upon, talked about or being deliberately victimised. Paranoid schizophrenia sufferers may also have auditory hallucinations which are voices heard in the absence of external stimuli which are often critical, warning them of danger or giving them commands. Slater and Roth in 1969 regarded hallucinations as the least important of all the symptoms because they are not exclusive to schizophrenia. In paranoid schizophrenia the personality is better preserved than in the other two kinds. It is a type one, functional, acute and positive type of schizophrenia.
Disorganised schizophrenia typically makes a gradual appearance between the ages of twenty and twenty-five. The hebephrenic will display the symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia as well as disorganised behaviour and ...

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