Plane Crash

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Plane Crash

Instructor: Greg Alston Abstract This paper examines the in-flight
separation of the number two pylon and engine
from a Boeing 747-121 shortly after takeoff from the Anchorage
International Airport on March 31, 1993. The
safety issues discussed focus on the inspection of Boeing 747 engine
pylons, meteorological hazards to aircraft, the
lateral load-carrying capability of engine pylon structures, and aircraft
departure routes at Anchorage International
Airport during turbulent weather conditions. Shortly after noon on March
31, 1993 the number two engine and
pylon separated from Japan Airlines Inc. flight 46E shortly after departure
from the Anchorage International Airport.
The aircraft, a Boeing 747-121, had been leased from Evergreen
International Airlines Inc. The flight was a
scheduled cargo flight from Anchorage to Chicago-O'Hare International
Airport. On board the airplane was the
flight crew and two nonrevenue company employees. The airplane was
substantialy damaged during the separation
of the engine but no one on board the airplane or on the ground was
injured. Flight 46E departed Anchorage about
1224 local time. The flight release and weather package provided to the
pilots by Evergreen operations contained a
forecast for severe turbulence. As fight 46E taxied onto the runway to
await its takeoff clearance, the local controller
informed the flight crew that the pilot of another Evergreen aircraft
reported severe turbulence at 2,500 feet while
climbing out from runway 6R. After takeoff, at an altitude of about 2,000
feet, the airplane experienced an
uncommanded left bank of approximately fifty degrees. Although the
desired air speed was 183 knots, the air speed
fluctuated from a high of 245 knots to a low of 170 knots. Shortly
thereafter the flight crew reported the number two
throttle slammed to its aft stop, the number two thrust reverse indication
showed thrust reverser deployment, and the
number two engine electrical bus failed. Several witnesses on the ground
reported that the airplane experienced
several severe pitch and roll oscillations before the engine separated.
Shortly after the engine separated from the
airplane, the flight crew declared an emergency, and the captain initiated a
large radius turn to the left to return and
land on runway 6R. The number one engine was maintained at maximum
power. While on the downwind portion of
the landing pattern bank angles momentarily exceeded forty degrees
alternatin...

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