Monroe Doctrine

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Monroe Doctrine

The Monroe Doctrine can be considered as the United States first major
declaration to the world as a fairly new nation. The Monroe Doctrine was a
statement of United States policy on the activity and rights of powers in the
Western Hemisphere during the early to mid 1800s. The doctrine established the
United States position in the major world affairs of the time. Around the time
of the Napoleonic Wars in the 1820s, Mexico, Argentina, Chile and Colombia all
gained their independence from Spanish control (“Monroe Doctrine” 617). The
United States was the first nation to recognize their independence from Spain.
The European powers had still considered the new nations as still belonging to
Spain. The Americans had a sense of pride in the former Spanish colonies gaining
independence. They felt as if the American Revolution was a model for these new
Latin American nations (Faragher 265). After Napoleon went down, the monarchy in
Spain regained power (“Monroe Doctrine” 617). The Spanish had felt
embarrassed after losing their colonies to independence. In 1815 Tsar Alexander
I of Russia and the monarchs of Austria and Prussia formed the Holy Alliance.
This alliance was a group set out to maintain autocracy (Migill 594). Spain then
demanded the return of its colonies of the New World (Migill 594). With the
possibility of help from the Holy Alliance and France, Spain’s goal was
looking realistic. The Americans also feared that if the Spanish colonies were
recaptured the United States might be next (“Monroe Doctrine” 617). Great
Britain refused to let the Spanish take back their now independent colonies. As
free countries the new Spanish-American nations could trade more goods with
Great Britain. However, if Spain regains control of their former colonies then
trade with Great Britain would decrease drastically (“Monroe Doctrine” 617).
The Russian Tsar attempted to extend his interest of expansion in North America.
In 1821 Russia had claims on the North Western coast of the North American
continent as low as the 51st parallel, deep into the Oregon Territory (Migill
595). On September 14th of the same year Tsar Alexander I issued an Imperial
Ukase (decree), saying that no foreign vessels could come within 100 Italian
miles of Russian territory. Although the decree was never enforced, John Quincy
Adams, the Secretary of State at the time, strongly opposed it. Adams felt that
many regions of North America were still unexplored such as Alaska and North
We...

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