Microscope Types
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Microscope Types
The use of a microscope is to provide a magnified view of objects (that are
being analysed) that are otherwise to small to be seen by the naked eye. They
can be described according to their illumination and lens arrangement. (i)
Microscopes are able to use either light or electrons as their illumination
source, which are respectively known as light powered and electron microscopes.
(ii) Monocular microscopes have a single eye piece where as binocular
microscopes posses two eye pieces, position side by side for simultaneous
viewing with both eyes. (iii) A simple microscope consists of one single lens
system where as a compound microscope consists of two main lens systems, an
ocular and objective, which are superimposed over each other to provide greater
magnification. In Biology, microscopes can also be described according to some
specific purpose such as dissecting microscopes, which are commonly referred, as
dissectors are especially suitable for use while dissecting very small or
delicate specimens. Microscopes are usually equipped with a series of
interchangeable eyepiece lenses (oculars), each with different individual
magnifications. Majority of ocular magnification is as followed: X4, X5, X6, X7,
X8, X10, X12, and X15. On a typical monocular microscope objectives
magnification found is as followed: X4 = SCANNING POWER = S.P. X10 = LOW POWER =
L.P. X40 = HIGH POWER = H.P. To find the overall magnification factor obtained
when using any microscope is calculated by the following mathematical formula:
OCULAR magnification X OBJECTIVE magnification = OVERALL magnification The
condenser lens is situated below the stage and causes light rays to converge on
to the specimen situated on the stage, thus illuminating is adequately when
magnified by the viewing lens. The amount of light passing through the condenser
lens can be varied by opening and closing the iris diaphragm, situated at the
bottom of the condenser. AIM: (i) To become familiar with the features and
function of the monocular and stereo microscopes. (ii) To gain first hand
experience in sketching scientific diagrams from prepared slides. EQUIPMENT
USED: Monocular microscopes, microscope lamp, lens cleaning tissue,
lens-cleaning fluid, and various prepared slides. PROCEDURE: When using a
monocular microscope, adjust the condenser lens so that it comes to rest against
the bottom of the stage. Wind it down about 2mm below this level; now it’s in
the ideal position. The iris diaphra...
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