Layer Age Estimation
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Layer Age Estimation
1. In addition to various bits of information, there are 3 primary principles
geologists use to place layers of rock according to age. The first, Principle of
Superposition is the un-changed consecution of the rock, which contains the
oldest stratum (a single sedimentary rock) located in the bottom of the rock.
Superposition is the primary method to unveil the order of succession in which
layers were formed in the rock. The second, Principle of Original Horizontally
states that most strata is originally formed horizontally, which explains that
steeply dipping strata was deformed at a much later date. This brings us to the
third and last, Principle of Original Lateral Continuity. This is a stratum that
patterned in all directions until the rock layers stopped at the ends of its
original placement. 2. Catastrophism is a scientific method to explain extreme
changes in geological structures in a short period of time. These catastrophism
events may include earthquakes, severe flooding, volcanoes and extreme wind
conditions. Uniformitarianism is the belief in slow evolution and slow change in
geological Earth events. This states that Earth can only change over a long
period of time. Different parties, one believing in catastrophism and the other
believing in uniformitarianism collided in the 19th century though being in
close agreement at the same time. Under closer studies of the Paleozoic and
Mesozoic era, these two theories posed problems for them, too short for
uniformitarianism and too long for catastrophism. 3. By using the radioisoyope
dating method, scientists are able to measure the age of a substance. This
method is possible for measuring the "invisible radiation emitted by
phosphorescent substances." These atoms are called parents, and as it
decays it will become a daughter. By knowing the time it takes for an isotope to
change from a parent to a daughter, we can measure the time without the
interference of effects caused by catastrophism and uniformitarianism. To
quickly explain the measuring process, you must take the # of parents and
daughters mean in the rock and the percentage of parents remaining should be
added to the measuring curve scale to find the amount of half-lives remaining.
This will give you the age of the rock. 4. The planet Earth is estimated 4.6
billion years old. Scientists were able to reach that number by using
radioisotope dating. Using this method, scientists have measured from the
Precambrian, Mesozoic a...
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